If National and Sub-national Governments could have a disciplined system for strategy development, implementation and performance management like the Balanced Ccore Card, then they would significantly improve their productivity and impact. The challenge is that there is often a disconnect between the lofty goals promised by political leaders and the actual implementation in the Ministries, Departments and Agencies. In this paper, we demonstrate how the Balanced Score Card can be used in Government to create the strategy, alignment and performance required to transform the fortunes of many third-world countries like Nigeria.